Special Courts (Control of Narcotics Substances) were constituted under the Control of Narcotics Substances Act, 1997. Presently there are six Special Courts (Control of Narcotics Substances) two atKarachi and one each at Lahore, Rawalpindi/Islamabad, Peshawar and Quetta headed by a Presiding Officer (District & Sessions Judge). All these Special Courts are functional. Besides these Special Courts (CNS), powers have also been conferred on most of the District and Sessions Judges of Pakistan under the said Act to try narcotics cases.